3.3.1 Building codes and regulations

Building regulations, codes and standards describe a set of rules which specify an acceptable level of safety for constructed objects, both buildings and non-building structures. Requirements in these documents will be country-specific and deal with issues including:

• Design and construction to ensure structural stability of the building and adjoining buildings;
• Fire safety, means of escape, prevention of internal and external fire spread and access and facilites for the fire services;
• Preparation and resistance to moisture;
• Control of toxic substances;
• Resistance to the passage of sound;
• Ventilation;
• Hygiene, safety and provision of sanitary and washing facilites;
• Drainage and waste disposal;
• The use of combustion appliances and fuel storage;
• Protection from falling, collision and impact;
• The conservation of fuel and power;
• Access to and use of the building;
• Safety relating to windows, impact, opening and cleaning;
• Electrical safety.

Some buildings may be exempt from these controls such as temporary buildings, buildings not frequented by people (unless close to a building that is), small detached buildings such as garages, garden storage, sheds and huts, and simple extensions such as porches, covered ways and conservatories. However, it is good practice to have exemption confirmed by the appropriate authority prior to construction.